Generally, the larger the molecular weight of a component, the higher is its boiling temperature. Preferential distillation is used to separate the mixtures into single components or smaller ranges of components. The crude oil mixture which is taken from the ground is separated into component products by cracking and/or distillation using thermal or catalytic methods at an oil refinery.Ĭracking is the process of breaking large molecular components into more useful components of smaller molecular weight. One test of a crude oil sample identified over 25,000 different hydrocarbon components. The carbon and hydrogen can combine in many ways and form many different molecular compounds. It varies from 83% to 87% carbon and 11% to 14% hydrogen by weight. Crude oil is made up almost entirely of carbon and hydrogen with some traces of other species. The main fuel for SI engines is gasoline, which is a mixture of many hydrocarbon components and is manufactured from crude petroleum.Ĭrude oil was first discovered in Pennsylvania in 1859, and the fuel product line generated from it developed along with the development of the IC engine.
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